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Related Experiment Videos

Streptococcal adhesion and colonization

H F Jenkinson1, R J Lamont

  • 1Department of Oral Biology and Oral Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine : an Official Publication of the American Association of Oral Biologists
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
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Streptococci use cell-surface adhesins to bind to various host substrates, enabling colonization and potential disease. Understanding adhesin structure is key to developing new vaccines and treatments for streptococcal infections.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Streptococci utilize cell-surface adhesins for binding to diverse host substrates, including glycoproteins, extracellular matrix, and host cells.
  • This promiscuous binding ability contributes significantly to streptococcal colonization of oral and epithelial surfaces.
  • Adhesion is a critical step preceding tissue invasion, immune modulation, and disease development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of streptococcal adhesins in host colonization and virulence.
  • To understand the molecular basis of substrate binding by streptococcal adhesins.
  • To explore the potential for developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting streptococcal adhesion.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of streptococcal adhesins and virulence factors, often cell-wall-associated proteins with repetitive sequences.

Related Experiment Videos

  • In vitro binding assays to identify and analyze substrate interactions.
  • In vivo studies using animal models to assess the expression and function of adhesins in colonization and virulence.

    • Main Results:

    • Streptococcal adhesins are cell-wall proteins with repeated amino acid sequences implicated in substrate binding.
    • Gene duplication and horizontal gene transfer have shaped the diversity of adhesin sequences and functions.
    • In vitro and in vivo studies have provided insights into the functional roles of specific adhesins.

    Conclusions:

    • The molecular structure of streptococcal adhesins is crucial for their in vivo function.
    • Understanding adhesin-host interactions can guide the rational design of acellular vaccines, recombinant antibodies, and adhesion agonists.
    • Targeting streptococcal adhesins offers a promising strategy for controlling colonization and preventing streptococcal diseases.