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Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

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People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans
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Published on: April 28, 2022

Inequality, deprivation and alcohol use

M Marmot1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Social inequalities in health are linked to alcohol and tobacco use. Policies addressing consumption patterns and socio-economic factors are crucial for reducing health disparities and related harms.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Social Epidemiology
  • Health Policy

Background:

  • Significant social inequalities in health persist within societies.
  • Alcohol and tobacco consumption are major preventable determinants of ill health.
  • Understanding the social distribution of these substances is key to addressing health disparities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the social distribution of tobacco and alcohol consumption in the United Kingdom.
  • To assess the role of these substances in mediating social inequalities in health.
  • To explore policy implications for reducing harm related to alcohol and tobacco use.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of United Kingdom data on socio-economic position and consumption patterns.
  • Examination of smoking decline trends across different socio-economic groups.

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Modeling Alcohol Consumption in Rodents Using Two-Bottle Choice Home Cage Drinking and Microstructural Analysis

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The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans

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Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
05:12

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  • Investigation of drinking prevalence and patterns (non-drinking, heavy drinking, moderate drinking) by occupational status.

    • Main Results:

    • A clear inverse association exists between socio-economic position and cigarette consumption, with faster declines in higher socio-economic groups.
    • Non-drinking prevalence inversely correlates with occupational status; moderate drinking is more common in higher socio-economic groups.
    • Smoking contributes significantly to social class differences in mortality from coronary heart disease and lung cancer.

    Conclusions:

    • Alcohol and tobacco consumption patterns are strongly linked to socio-economic status, influencing health inequalities.
    • Targeted policies, considering price sensitivity and health education responsiveness across different groups, are essential for harm reduction.
    • Addressing the social distribution of alcohol and tobacco is critical for effective public health policy and reducing health disparities.