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Neurobehavioral alterations in autoimmune mice

B Sakić1, H Szechtman, J A Denburg

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
|May 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Autoimmune diseases in mice cause behavioral changes, termed autoimmunity-associated behavioral syndrome (AABS). This syndrome may offer insights into central nervous system involvement in human autoimmune and mental disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Inbred mouse strains (MRL, NZB, BXSB) spontaneously develop lupus-like autoimmune disease.
  • Autoimmunity is associated with significant behavioral alterations, including changes in emotional reactivity and learning.
  • These changes are tentatively termed autoimmunity-associated behavioral syndrome (AABS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential role of neuroactive immune factors and endocrine mediators in the development of AABS.
  • To establish AABS as a valid model for studying central nervous system (CNS) involvement in autoimmune diseases.
  • To explore the utility of AABS in testing autoimmune hypotheses for various mental disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Observation of spontaneous autoimmune disease development in MRL, NZB, and BXSB mice.

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  • Assessment of behavioral changes, focusing on emotional reactivity and avoidance learning tasks.
  • Hypothesizing the involvement of pro-inflammatory cytokines, brain-reactive antibodies, corticotropin-releasing factor, and glucocorticoids in AABS etiology.

    • Main Results:

    • Spontaneous development of systemic lupus-like autoimmune disease in specified mouse strains.
    • Consistent observation of behavioral changes accompanying autoimmunity, particularly in emotional reactivity and learning tasks.
    • Identification of AABS as a naturally occurring syndrome with face and predictive validity.

    Conclusions:

    • AABS serves as a valuable model for understanding CNS involvement in autoimmune diseases.
    • The AABS model can be utilized to test autoimmune hypotheses related to human mental disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, autism, and AIDS-related dementia.
    • Neuroactive immune factors and endocrine mediators are hypothesized to play a key role in the pathogenesis of AABS.