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engrailed duplication events during the evolution of barnacles

J M Gibert1, E Mouchel-Vielh, J S Deutsch

  • 1Laboratoire 'Evolution Moléculaire', Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6), Bat. B, 707, Case 241, 9 quai St-Bernard, F-75252Paris, Cedex 05, France.

Journal of Molecular Evolution
|June 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Barnacle segmentation patterns were investigated using the engrailed gene. Gene duplication events were identified, with one ancient duplication found across barnacles and another specific to the Elminius lineage.

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Area of Science:

  • * Developmental Biology
  • * Evolutionary Genetics
  • * Marine Invertebrate Zoology

Background:

  • * Barnacles (Cirripedia) exhibit unique segmentation, including reduced segments and absent abdominal segments.
  • * The engrailed gene, a homeodomain transcription factor, is crucial for segment polarity in arthropods.
  • * Understanding engrailed gene evolution in barnacles can shed light on their developmental anomalies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the presence and evolution of engrailed genes in barnacles (Cirripedia).
  • * To determine the duplication events of engrailed genes within the Cirripedia subclass.
  • * To reconstruct the phylogenetic history of engrailed gene duplications in barnacles.

Main Methods:

  • * Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to identify and clone engrailed genes from diverse barnacle species.

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  • * Molecular phylogenies were constructed using sequence data from cloned engrailed genes.
  • * A cladistic approach was applied to informative sequence sites for phylogenetic analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • * Eight distinct engrailed genes were cloned from five barnacle species, including three from Elminius modestus.
    • * Phylogenetic analyses revealed two engrailed gene duplication events.
    • * An ancient duplication (en.a/en.b) is present throughout the Cirripedia subclass, while a more recent duplication (en.a1/en.a2) is specific to the Elminius lineage.

    Conclusions:

    • * The engrailed gene family has undergone significant duplication events in barnacle evolution.
    • * The ancient en.a/en.b duplication predates the diversification of the Cirripedia subclass.
    • * The Elminius-specific duplication highlights lineage-specific evolutionary innovations in gene content.