Altered endothelial/pericyte ratio in Goto-Kakizaki rat retina

The Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat represents a model of hereditary non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), characterized by nonobesity, mild hyperglycemia from early life, impaired glucose tolerance test results, and a markedly defective insulin response to glucose. The rats develop signs of both nephropathy and neuropathy, but, to our knowledge, retinal changes have not been reported so far in this model of NIDDM. Hence, the aim of the present study was to assess whether morphological vascular changes could be demonstrated in retinal vessel preparations of GK rats. The endothelial/pericyte ratio was found to be higher in GK rats aged 8 months as well as after 24-30 months compared to their matched controls (2.3 +/- 0.2 versus 2.0 +/- 0.1; p < 0.01, and 2.6 +/- 0.2 versus 1.9 +/- 0.1; p < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, in 24 to 30-months-old GK rats, the endothelial/pericyte ratio was higher than in 8 month old GK rats (p < 0.05). Thus, the GK rat appears to be a suitable model for experimental studies of chronic complications, including diabetic retinopathy, in NIDDM.