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Time trends in obesity: an epidemiological perspective
1Department for Chronic Diseases and Environmental Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- Und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones Et Metabolisme
|April 1, 1997
Summary
Obesity prevalence in Europe, around 15% for men and 22% for women in the mid-1980s, is rising. Small weight gains, potentially from reduced energy expenditure, are driving this increase, especially in younger populations.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Obesity Research
Background:
- Obesity prevalence in European centers (WHO-MONICA study, 1983-1986) averaged 15% in men and 22% in women.
- Prevalence varied significantly across Europe, with men's rates from 7% to 22% and women's from 9% to 45%.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in obesity prevalence across European countries.
- To investigate potential factors contributing to the observed increase in obesity.
- To highlight the long-term health consequences of rising obesity rates.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of obesity prevalence data from European centers (WHO-MONICA study).
- Examination of weight changes and lifestyle factors (diet, smoking) in The Netherlands.
- Assessment of potential links between obesity and chronic diseases.
Main Results:
- Obesity prevalence has been increasing in some European countries over the past 15 years.
- A small average weight increase (approx. 1 kg) can significantly raise obesity prevalence.
- Decreased energy intake and fat consumption, alongside stable smoking rates in The Netherlands, suggest reduced energy expenditure as a key factor.
- Rising obesity particularly affects younger age groups, with long-term health implications.
Conclusions:
- Small shifts in caloric balance can lead to substantial increases in population obesity.
- Reduced energy expenditure appears to be a primary driver of increasing obesity rates in Europe.
- The long-term consequences of rising obesity, including chronic diseases like diabetes, arthritis, and cardiovascular issues, are a significant public health concern.