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Updated: Aug 10, 2026
Examining the Role of Nasopharyngeal-associated Lymphoreticular Tissue (NALT) in Mouse Responses to Vaccines
Published on: August 1, 2012
Protection against tetanus toxin in mice nasally immunized with recombinant Lactococcus lactis expressing tetanus
P M Norton1, J M Wells, H W Brown
1Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK.
Abstract:
Mice inoculated intranasally (i.n.) with a recombinant strain of live Lactococcus lactis expressing tetanus toxin fragment C (TTFC), produced both serum and secretory antibodies to TTFC. Killed bacteria which had accumulated TTFC intracellularly in vitro also elicited protective serum antibody responses. There was no requirement for either colonization or invasion of the mucosa. In addition secretory antibody responses in the lung and nasal tissues were elicited after i.n. inoculation in the presence of an adjuvant.
