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A cell-based immunobiosensor with engineered molecular recognition--Part I: Design feasibility

V B Pizziconi1, D L Page

  • 1Department of Chemical, Bio & Materials Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-6006, USA.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
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This study introduces a novel bioelectronic sensor using living immune cells to detect antigens in real time. The hybrid biosensor leverages heat changes from cell activation for rapid, on-site diagnostics.

Area of Science:

  • Bioengineering
  • Immunology
  • Biosensor Technology

Background:

  • Current diagnostic methods often lack real-time capabilities for antigen detection.
  • Living immune cells offer unique molecular recognition properties for biosensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel bioelectronic sensor using engineered immune cells for real-time antigen detection.
  • To investigate the feasibility of a hybrid biosensor integrating immune cells with thermoelectric devices.

Main Methods:

  • Engineering immune cells (mast cells) for specific antigen recognition.
  • Interfacing engineered mast cells with microfabricated thermoelectric devices using biomolecular linkages.
  • Utilizing microcalorimetry to measure heat changes associated with cell activation.

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Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that mast cell activation and degranulation produce detectable thermal increases.
  • Measured a mean peak heat output of -3 +/- 0.5 pW/cell upon cell activation.
  • Validated the design feasibility of a miniature, living cell immunodiagnostic biosensor prototype.

Conclusions:

  • A novel hybrid immunobiosensor utilizing living immune cells and thermoelectric transduction is feasible.
  • This cell-based biosensor approach enables selective, rapid, on-site antigen detection.
  • Offers potential for new in vitro diagnostic tools for various clinical antigens.