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Systemic arterial dirofilariasis in five dogs

J R Frank1, F B Nutter, A E Kyles

  • 1Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Canada.

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|May 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Systemic arterial dirofilariasis in dogs, caused by heartworms migrating into arteries, presents with lameness and necrosis. Treatment is challenging due to thromboembolic complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Parasitology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Systemic arterial dirofilariasis is an uncommon complication of canine heartworm disease.
  • It involves Dirofilaria immitis migrating into the peripheral arterial system.

Observation:

  • A review of 5 dogs with systemic arterial dirofilariasis was conducted.
  • Clinical signs included hindlimb lameness, paresthesia, and ischemic necrosis.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed via angiography or ultrasonography.

Findings:

  • All dogs received adulticide treatment (thiacetasamide sodium or melarsomine dihydrochloride).
  • Four dogs survived initial treatment; one died from thromboembolic complications.
  • Thromboembolic disease poses significant risks during treatment.

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Implications:

  • Systemic arterial dirofilariasis requires careful clinical characterization.
  • Treatment presents therapeutic challenges due to potential complications.
  • Further research into managing thromboembolic events is warranted.