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In the site survey of a four-sided traverse, internal angles are essential to ensure geometric accuracy. The survey revealed that the sum of the measured internal angles was 359 degrees and 48 minutes, which is 12 minutes less than the expected 360 degrees. This discrepancy signals an error likely arising from measurement inaccuracies during the fieldwork.To rectify this error, the adjustment process involved distributing the 12-minute shortfall equally across the four internal angles. By...
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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

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On knowing which way to trace: direction errors during visual curve tracing

P A McCormick1

  • 1Department of Psychology, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia. pamccorm@stfx.ca

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology = Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale
|December 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual curve tracing can lead to errors when the direction is miscalculated. This study shows that initial curve tracing direction is based on target dot location, potentially causing errors in visual perception tasks.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception
  • Human Factors

Background:

  • The zoom lens model of visual curve tracing suggests a variable-sized operator tracks curves.
  • A key limitation is the lack of explanation for how the initial tracing direction is determined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether observers err in curve tracing direction.
  • To examine the influence of initial curve segment length on tracing accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • An experiment utilized a standard curve tracing task with two dots and intertwining lines.
  • The length of the initial curve segment was manipulated to assess its effect on response times.

Main Results:

  • Response times slowed significantly for dot locations near the end of the curve when the initial segment was lengthened.
  • This suggests that initial direction calculation is influenced by the target dot's spatial location.

Conclusions:

  • Observers determine curve tracing direction based on the target dot's location.
  • This mechanism can lead to errors, especially in complex visual displays or when tracing far along a curve.