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Microbiological laboratory results from Haiti: June-October 1995

J J Drabick1, J M Gambel, E Huck

  • 1Department of Bacterial Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Shigella were found in Haiti during a 1995 peacekeeping mission. This highlights the need for deployed labs to identify pathogens and resistance to guide treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The U.S. Army's 86th Combat Support Hospital deployed to Haiti in 1995 for a United Nations peacekeeping mission.
  • Haiti presented significant infectious disease threats to military and civilian personnel.
  • A robust laboratory with microbiological and parasitological capabilities was essential for healthcare delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the microbiological and parasitological findings during the hospital's deployment.
  • To identify prevalent infectious agents and antimicrobial resistance patterns.
  • To evaluate the role of deployed laboratory services in managing health threats.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted 6,628 laboratory tests, including 356 microbiological and 887 parasitological analyses.

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  • Identified bacterial isolates such as Escherichia coli and Shigella spp.
  • Performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing on relevant isolates.

    • Main Results:

    • Discovered antibiotic-resistant urinary isolates of Escherichia coli (community-acquired infections) resistant to ampicillin, trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin.
    • Identified ampicillin and trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole resistance in Shigella spp.
    • Encountered Dengue virus as a major pathogen and noted antimicrobial-resistant nosocomial pathogens, but no chloroquine-resistant malaria.

    Conclusions:

    • Deployed laboratories are crucial for determining antimicrobial susceptibility and performing microbial identification.
    • Laboratory capabilities are vital for guiding clinical management, conducting medical surveillance, and detecting emerging antimicrobial resistance.
    • Findings underscore the importance of preparedness for infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance in deployed settings.