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Postmenopausal hormone therapy and mortality

F Grodstein1, M J Stampfer, G A Colditz

  • 1Channing Laboratory, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

The New England Journal of Medicine
|June 19, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Postmenopausal hormone therapy use is linked to lower mortality, especially for women with heart disease risk factors. However, long-term use may reduce survival benefits due to increased breast cancer risk.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Women's Health
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Postmenopausal hormone therapy (PHT) presents both advantages and risks.
  • Benefits include reduced osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease risk.
  • Risks involve an increased likelihood of breast cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between PHT use and mortality.
  • To analyze the impact of PHT duration and coronary risk factors on mortality outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Nurses' Health Study (1976-1992).
  • Matched deceased participants with 10 living controls.
  • Assessed hormone status using questionnaires prior to death or disease diagnosis to minimize bias.

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Main Results:

  • Current PHT users exhibited a lower risk of death (RR, 0.63) compared to non-users.
  • The mortality benefit decreased with longer PHT use (≥10 years, RR, 0.80), linked to increased breast cancer mortality.
  • Women with coronary risk factors experienced the greatest mortality reduction (RR, 0.51).

Conclusions:

  • PHT use is associated with reduced overall mortality in postmenopausal women.
  • The survival advantage diminishes with extended duration of hormone therapy.
  • The benefit is less pronounced for women at low risk for coronary disease.