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Age-related changes in monosyllabic word recognition performance when audibility is held constant

G A Studebaker1, R L Sherbecoe, D M McDaniel

  • 1School of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Memphis, Tennessee, USA.

Journal of the American Academy of Audiology
|June 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Older adults, especially those over 80, show reduced monosyllabic word recognition. This age-related decline in auditory performance is not due to audibility but may require score adjustments.

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Gerontology
  • Speech Perception

Background:

  • Age-related hearing loss is common.
  • Understanding its impact on speech recognition is crucial for audiological management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate monosyllabic word recognition across a wide age range.
  • To determine the influence of age on speech perception.
  • To propose age-correction strategies for word recognition scores.

Main Methods:

  • 140 subjects aged 20-90 years were tested.
  • Bandpass-filtered Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6 (NU-6) word lists were used.
  • Fixed audibility was maintained via constant signal-to-noise ratio and limited threshold losses.

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Main Results:

  • Word recognition was stable until age 70.
  • Scores declined modestly in the 70-80 age group.
  • Significantly lower scores were observed in subjects over 80 years.
  • No age differences in learning or test-retest reliability were found.
  • Performance decline in older adults was independent of speech audibility.

Conclusions:

  • Age significantly impacts monosyllabic word recognition, particularly after 70.
  • The decline is not solely attributable to reduced audibility.
  • A strategy for age-correcting word recognition scores is proposed.