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Related Experiment Videos

The evolution of beta-lactamases

K Bush1

  • 1Department of Microbial Biochemistry, Astra Research Center Boston, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Ciba Foundation Symposium
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Beta-lactamase enzymes confer resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in bacteria. Antimicrobial usage has driven the evolution and spread of diverse beta-lactamases, including concerning carbapenem-hydrolysing metallo-beta-lactamases.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Beta-lactamases are bacterial enzymes historically involved in resistance to naturally occurring beta-lactams.
  • The introduction of synthetic antibiotics has led to a significant increase in the diversity and prevalence of beta-lactamases.
  • Antimicrobial usage patterns directly influence the selection and emergence of specific beta-lactamase families.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution and impact of beta-lactamase enzymes in bacterial resistance.
  • To highlight the role of antimicrobial usage in selecting for resistant strains.
  • To discuss the classification and emerging threats posed by novel beta-lactamases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on beta-lactamases.

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  • Analysis of historical trends in beta-lactamase emergence and antibiotic use.
  • Examination of proposed classification systems for beta-lactamases.

    • Main Results:

    • Beta-lactamase diversity has dramatically increased with the advent of modern penicillins and cephalosporins.
    • Transferable beta-lactamase genes on plasmids are implicated in major epidemics of resistant bacteria.
    • Emerging threats include plasmid-mediated carbapenem-hydrolysing metallo-beta-lactamases and inhibitor-resistant variants.

    Conclusions:

    • Beta-lactamase evolution is strongly linked to selective pressures from antimicrobial agents.
    • Understanding beta-lactamase classification and mechanisms is crucial for combating antibiotic resistance.
    • Continued surveillance and research are necessary to address the growing threat of multidrug-resistant bacteria.