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Lymphocyte proliferation in response to exercise

H B Nielsen¹, B K Pedersen

¹Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology

|January 1, 1997

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Exercise impacts immune function, but lymphocyte proliferation responses are inconsistent. Measuring lymphocyte proliferation alone is insufficient for assessing the immune system

Area of Science:

Immunology
Exercise Physiology
Cell Biology

Background:

Lymphocyte proliferation assays assess immune system function.
Exercise can influence immune responses, necessitating investigation into its effects on lymphocytes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the literature on lymphocyte proliferative responses to exercise.
To evaluate the impact of exercise type, intensity, and training status on immune cell function.

Main Methods:

Review of studies measuring lymphocyte proliferation in response to exercise.
In vitro stimulation of blood mononuclear cells (BMNC) with mitogens like PHA, PWM, Con-A, IL-2, and PPD.
Measurement of 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA to quantify cell proliferation.

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Main Results:

Lymphocyte proliferative responses to exercise are highly variable.
Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated responses often decrease during exercise, potentially due to reduced CD3+ cells.
Post-exercise recovery shows varied responses (reduced, elevated, or unchanged) to different mitogens.
Trained athletes exhibit different responses compared to less fit individuals.

Conclusions:

Lymphocyte proliferation measurements alone are inadequate for a comprehensive functional assessment of the immune system post-exercise.
Variability in responses may be linked to factors like the timing of 3H-thymidine incorporation.
Further research is needed to understand the complex interplay between exercise and immune cell function.