Related Experiment Videos
Multivariate analysis of risk factors for infection due to penicillin-resistant and multidrug-resistant Streptococcus
A J Clavo-Sánchez1, J A Girón-González, D López-Prieto
1Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain.
Abstract:
Pneumococcal disease was studied prospectively to determine the risk factors associated with resistance to penicillin and other antibiotics. One hundred twelve clinically significant pneumococcal isolates were recovered from 95 patients. Approximately one-half (49.47%) of the cases were due to penicillin-resistant strains. Multivariate analysis showed that previous use of beta-lactam antibiotics (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95-8.27), alcoholism (OR, 5.22; 95% CI, 1.43-19.01), and noninvasive disease (OR, 4.53; 95% CI, 1.54-13.34) were associated with penicillin resistance, whereas intravenous drug use (OR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.03-0.74) was not. Statistical analyses of the variables associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics detected age of younger than 5 years (OR, 16.79; 95% CI, 1.60-176.34) or of 65 years or older (OR, 4.33; 95% CI, 1.42-13.21) and previous use of beta-lactam antibiotics by patients with noninvasive disease (OR, 7.92; 95% CI, 1.84-34.06) as parameters associated with increased risk. We conclude that multivariate analysis provides clues for empirical therapy for pneumococcal infection.
Insights
Penicillin-resistant pneumococcal disease is common. Risk factors include prior beta-lactam antibiotic use, alcoholism, and noninvasive infections, aiding empirical treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Pneumococcal disease remains a significant public health concern.
- Antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae is an increasing challenge globally.
- Understanding risk factors for resistant strains is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify risk factors associated with penicillin resistance in pneumococcal isolates.
- To determine factors linked to resistance against multiple antibiotics.
- To inform empirical therapeutic strategies for pneumococcal infections.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 112 clinically significant pneumococcal isolates from 95 patients.
- Multivariate analysis to assess risk factors for antibiotic resistance.
- Statistical analysis of variables associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics.
Main Results:
- Nearly 50% of isolates were penicillin-resistant.
- Previous beta-lactam use, alcoholism, and noninvasive disease were linked to penicillin resistance.
- Younger (<5 years) and older (≥65 years) age groups, and prior beta-lactam use in noninvasive disease, were associated with multi-antibiotic resistance.
Conclusions:
- Multivariate analysis identified key risk factors for antibiotic-resistant pneumococcal disease.
- Findings can guide empirical therapy choices for pneumococcal infections.
- Targeted interventions for high-risk groups may reduce resistance prevalence.