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Experimental evaluation of a resorbable intramedullary plug for cemented total hip replacement
R Giardino1, M Fini, N N Aldini
1Experimental Surgery Department, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, University of Bologna, Italy.
Biomaterials
|July 1, 1997
Summary
This study shows resorbable poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) plugs offer good biocompatibility and degradation for hip prostheses. PDLLA plugs fully degraded in vivo within 26 weeks, presenting a viable alternative to traditional materials.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Polymer Chemistry
Background:
- Traditional plugs for cemented hip prostheses include polyethylene, poly(methyl methacrylate), and cancellous bone.
- The need for resorbable materials with predictable degradation and biocompatibility is crucial in orthopedic applications.
- Poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) is a candidate biomaterial for resorbable medical devices.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the degradation kinetics and biocompatibility of a resorbable poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) plug for total cemented hip prostheses.
- To compare in vitro and in vivo degradation rates of PDLLA plugs.
- To assess the in vitro biocompatibility of PDLLA using fibroblast cell cultures.
Main Methods:
- In vitro degradation studies in Ringer solution.
- In vivo degradation studies following implantation of PDLLA plugs in the femoral medullar cavity of rabbits.
- In vitro biocompatibility assessment using murine fibroblast cell cultures.
- Histological evaluation of explanted PDLLA plugs and surrounding tissue.
Main Results:
- PDLLA plugs exhibited faster degradation kinetics in vivo compared to in vitro.
- Complete in vivo degradation of PDLLA plugs was observed at 26 weeks post-implantation.
- Histological analysis revealed fibrous tissue formation at 13 weeks, with no adverse changes noted at 26 weeks.
- In vitro tests demonstrated good biocompatibility of the PDLLA biomaterial with fibroblast cells.
Conclusions:
- Resorbable PDLLA plugs demonstrate favorable degradation properties and excellent biocompatibility for use in total cemented hip prostheses.
- The in vivo degradation profile supports the potential clinical application of PDLLA plugs as a substitute for non-resorbable or bone graft materials.
- PDLLA plugs offer a promising, simple-to-use alternative in orthopedic procedures, enhancing patient outcomes through controlled resorption and biological integration.