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Related Experiment Videos

Inactivated vaccine for protection against duck virus enteritis

S A Shawky1, T S Sandhu

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Eastport, New York 11941, USA.

Avian Diseases
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Inactivated duck enteritis virus (DEV) vaccines, especially with Freund's adjuvant, provide robust protection in ducks. These vaccines are as effective as modified live virus vaccines against virulent DEV.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Immunology
  • Poultry Health

Background:

  • Duck enteritis virus (DEV) causes significant disease in waterfowl.
  • Effective vaccines are crucial for controlling DEV outbreaks.
  • Inactivated vaccines offer a potential alternative to modified live virus vaccines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the immunogenicity and efficacy of inactivated tissue-culture-derived DEV vaccines in ducks.
  • To compare the protective effects of different adjuvants (Freund's adjuvant, multiple-oil emulsion, Squalane-pluronic L121) in inactivated DEV vaccines.
  • To assess antibody responses induced by inactivated DEV vaccines compared to a modified live virus (MLV) vaccine.

Main Methods:

  • DEV propagated in chicken embryo fibroblast cells, inactivated with beta-propiolactone.

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  • Inactivated DEV emulsified with Freund's adjuvant (FA), multiple-oil emulsion (MOE), or Squalane-pluronic L121 (L121).
  • Vaccination of white Pekin and mallard ducklings, followed by challenge with virulent DEV.

    • Main Results:

    • Single-dose inactivated Lake Andes (ILA) vaccine with any adjuvant conferred protection against virulent DEV.
    • ILA vaccine with FA induced early antibody production, comparable to MLV vaccine.
    • ILA vaccine with FA generated antibody titers at least 10 times higher than MLV vaccine, with FA, MOE, and L121 showing highest titers in descending order.

    Conclusions:

    • Inactivated DEV vaccines are efficacious in protecting waterfowl against virulent DEV.
    • The choice of adjuvant significantly influences the antibody response, with FA being the most potent.
    • Inactivated DEV vaccines demonstrate comparable efficacy to modified live virus vaccines in enhancing protection.