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Related Experiment Video

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The Murine Choline-Deficient, Ethionine-Supplemented CDE Diet Model of Chronic Liver Injury

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"Golf ball liver": agent orange hepatitis

C Leonard¹, C M Burke, C O'Keane

¹Department of Medicine, James Connolly Memorial Hospital, Blanchardstown, Dublin, Ireland.

|May 1, 1997

Summary

A golfer developed acute hepatitis from habitual 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) exposure via licking golf balls. This case highlights a unique route of chemical exposure and resultant "golf ball liver".

Area of Science:

Toxicology
Hepatology
Environmental Health

Background:

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a widely used selective herbicide.
2,4-D functions by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation.
Historical association with Agent Orange raises awareness of potential health effects.

Observation:

A 65-year-old male patient presented with acute hepatitis.
The hepatitis was suspected to be caused by exposure to 2,4-D.
The exposure route was identified as habitual licking of golf balls.

Findings:

Clinical and histological examinations supported the diagnosis.
A challenge test confirmed the causal link between 2,4-D exposure and hepatitis.
The condition was termed "golf ball liver".

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Implications:

This case illustrates an unusual occupational/personal exposure pathway for 2,4-D.
Highlights the importance of considering environmental and behavioral factors in toxicology.
Underscores the potential hepatotoxicity of 2,4-D even through non-traditional exposure routes.