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Related Experiment Videos

Chemoprevention: will it work?

C Mettlin1

  • 1Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA. cmettlin@msn.com

International Journal of Cancer
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer chemoprevention research in the US has yielded mixed results. Future success in preventing cancer incidence may require a deeper understanding of biological mechanisms before large human trials.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Cancer chemoprevention research has been prominent in the U.S. for over ten years.
  • The field integrates laboratory carcinogenesis and nutritional epidemiology.
  • Chemoprevention researchers have developed unique models and methodologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of cancer chemoprevention strategies.
  • To assess the utility of intermediate endpoints versus cancer incidence reduction in trials.
  • To review the progress and challenges in primary cancer prevention through chemoprevention.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing intermediate endpoints to indicate cancer prevention effectiveness.
  • Conducting human population trials with cancer incidence reduction as the primary endpoint.

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  • Analyzing results from completed and ongoing chemoprevention trials.

    • Main Results:

    • Results from chemoprevention trials have been mixed.
    • The use of intermediate endpoints presents extrapolation challenges.
    • Unanticipated findings have raised questions about the success probability of primary cancer prevention via chemoprevention.

    Conclusions:

    • Direct evidence from cancer incidence trials is more definitive than intermediate endpoints.
    • Current chemoprevention trial outcomes suggest a need for caution.
    • Future advancements in chemoprevention may depend on improved understanding of biological mechanisms prior to large-scale human trials.