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Alteration in dopaminergic function in abstinent alcoholics

C Marchesi1, P Ampollini, P Chiodera

  • 1Institute of Clinical Psychiatry, University of Parma, Italy.

Neuropsychobiology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Alcoholics show reduced dopamine

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Neuropharmacology
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Alcoholism is associated with neurochemical alterations.
  • Dopamine plays a key role in regulating pituitary hormone secretion and brain function.
  • Tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic tone is crucial for controlling prolactin (PRL) levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic tone in abstinent alcoholics.
  • To assess prolactin (PRL) secretion and pituitary reserve.
  • To evaluate cerebral structures and their function in alcoholics.

Main Methods:

  • Dopamine infusion test to measure PRL secretion inhibition.
  • Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) test to assess PRL pituitary reserve.
  • Computed tomography (CT) scans and neuropsychological tests for cerebral evaluation.

Main Results:

  • PRL response to TRH was similar in alcoholics and controls.
  • Dopamine-induced PRL reduction was significantly blunted in alcoholics.
  • Alcoholics exhibited abnormalities in neuroradiological and neuropsychological assessments.

Conclusions:

  • Abstinent alcoholics demonstrate altered dopaminergic activity.
  • This alteration affects both the tuberoinfundibular system and potentially fronto-subcortical pathways.
  • Findings suggest long-term dopaminergic dysfunction in individuals with a history of alcoholism.

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