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Understanding suicide among indigenous adolescents: a review using the PRECEDE model
V A Clarke1, C J Frankish, L W Green
1School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Summary
Suicide rates are higher in indigenous adolescents due to social and environmental factors, not inherent traits. Addressing poverty, cultural displacement, and lack of resources is crucial for prevention.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Indigenous adolescents face disproportionately high suicide rates compared to non-indigenous populations.
- Existing research often overlooks the complex interplay of social determinants contributing to this disparity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize the literature on the causes of suicide among indigenous adolescents.
- To identify research gaps using the PRECEDE model framework.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
- The PRECEDE model was utilized to structure findings and identify areas needing further research.
Main Results:
- Key contributing factors include remoteness, poverty, cultural displacement, family disintegration, and media influences (e.g., televised suicides).
- Availability of firearms and alcohol, coupled with a lack of positive expectations, exacerbates the risk.
- Policy and administrative aspects often lack cultural sensitivity and a long-term perspective.
Conclusions:
- Elevated suicide rates in indigenous adolescents stem from adverse social and environmental conditions, not their indigenous status.
- Interventions must be culturally sensitive and address systemic issues like poverty and social disruption.
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