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Related Experiment Videos

Infant formula quiets crying human newborns

E M Blass1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.

Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics : JDBP
|June 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Milk and sucrose effectively calm crying newborns, with effects lasting after administration. However, milk does not trigger hand-to-mouth behavior, unlike sucrose, indicating separate calming and motor mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal care
  • Infant behavior
  • Developmental neuroscience

Background:

  • Newborns exhibit crying as a primary communication method.
  • Understanding effective soothing methods is crucial for infant care.
  • The physiological responses to oral stimuli in newborns require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the calming effects of milk and sucrose versus water in crying newborns.
  • To investigate the persistence of soothing effects from different oral substances.
  • To differentiate the mechanisms underlying infant calming and hand-to-mouth behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Crying newborns received 0.1 mL of milk (Similac), 12% sucrose solution, or water every minute for 5 minutes.
  • Infant crying duration and persistence of calm were recorded.

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  • Hand-to-mouth movements were observed during and after substance delivery.

    • Main Results:

    • Both milk and sucrose significantly reduced infant crying, with effects persisting for 3 minutes post-administration.
    • Water provided only marginal and transient quieting.
    • Milk administration did not induce hand-to-mouth movements, whereas sucrose did.

    Conclusions:

    • Milk is an effective agent for quieting human newborns, with enduring calming effects.
    • The mechanisms responsible for calming infants and triggering hand-to-mouth engagement are distinct and independent.
    • These findings have implications for understanding neonatal responses to oral stimuli and developing targeted soothing strategies.