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Related Experiment Videos

Routine karyotyping in Wilms tumor

D R Betts1, R Koesters, H J Plüss

  • 1Department of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Zürich, Switzerland.

Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics
|July 15, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Karyotype analysis of Wilms tumors (WT) reveals distinct chromosomal abnormalities in favorable histology cases. Cytogenetics can aid in diagnosing WT, even from needle core biopsies.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cytogenetics
  • Pediatric Pathology

Background:

  • Wilms tumor (WT) is a pediatric kidney cancer with varying histological grades.
  • Accurate diagnosis and grading are crucial for effective treatment planning.
  • Cytogenetic analysis can reveal nonrandom chromosomal abnormalities in WT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the karyotypes of Wilms tumors (WT) with different histological grades.
  • To assess the utility of cytogenetic analysis from needle core biopsies for WT diagnosis.
  • To determine if karyotypic patterns can serve as markers for histological grade.

Main Methods:

  • Karyotyping of nine Wilms tumors (WT), including samples from needle core biopsies, postchemotherapy resections, and xenografts.
  • Histological grading of tumors into favorable and unfavorable categories.
  • Analysis of chromosomal abnormalities, including numerical and structural changes.

Main Results:

  • Seven WT with favorable histology showed typical WT karyotypes with common abnormalities like +1q, +18, +6, +7, +8, +12, +13, and 1p/16q structural changes.
  • Two WT with unfavorable histology exhibited complex karyotypes atypical for WT.
  • Cytogenetic analysis was successfully obtained from needle core biopsies in 5 out of 6 attempts.
  • A case with a constitutional abnormality (mosaic partial duplication of 8q) was identified in a nephrogenic rest.

Conclusions:

  • Cytogenetic analysis is a valuable tool for diagnosing Wilms tumors (WT) and can help when histological grade is uncertain.
  • Karyotypic patterns differ between favorable and unfavorable histology WT.
  • Cytogenetic results can be routinely obtained from needle core biopsies, facilitating timely diagnosis.

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