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Diet diversity and gastric cancer

C La Vecchia1, S E Muñoz, C Braga

  • 1Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, and Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.

International Journal of Cancer
|July 17, 1997
PubMed
Summary

A varied diet may reduce gastric cancer risk. Higher food diversity, especially vegetables and fruits, was linked to lower odds of developing the disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Dietary variety's protective role against gastric cancer is suggested but not well-defined.
  • Quantifying diet diversity is crucial for understanding its impact on gastric cancer risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between diet diversity and gastric cancer risk.
  • To quantify the relationship between food intake variety and gastric cancer incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Case-control study conducted in northern Italy (1985-1993).
  • Included 746 gastric cancer cases and 2,053 controls.
  • Diet diversity calculated as the total number of unique foods consumed weekly.

Main Results:

  • Significant inverse association found between diet diversity and gastric cancer risk.
  • Higher quartiles of food diversity showed reduced odds ratios (ORs) for gastric cancer.
  • Stronger inverse associations observed for vegetable (OR=0.5) and fruit (OR=0.6) diversity.

Conclusions:

  • A more diversified diet is a significant correlate of lower gastric cancer rates.
  • Increased intake of diverse foods, particularly fruits and vegetables, may offer protection.
  • Findings support the concept that dietary richness contributes to gastric cancer prevention.

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