Three-dimensional structure of the rat pancreatic duct in normal and inflammated pancreas

We observed the corrosion casts of the Wistar rats' pancreatic ducts with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and their conventionally fixed pancreatic tissue with SEM and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These findings revealed the following facts about the three-dimensional structure of pancreatic duct. (1) The interlobular and intralobular ducts branch like a tree, and the intercalated ducts wind and fork into two branches, although parts of the intercalated ducts anastomose with each other. The intercellular secretory canaliculi extend from the central lumina, which run straight through the center of the acini, finally approaching close to the basement membranes of acini. (2) The lumina of pancreatic ducts (i.e., the interlobular up to the intercalated ducts) are cylindric and have smooth surfaces. The luminal surface of each epithelial cell, however, is decorated by numerous microvilli and a single cilium. The length of the latter tends to be short in proportion to the diameter of pancreatic duct. Moreover the epithelial cell surfaces, which border each central lumen, have various densities of microvilli. (3) The intraductal cilium core is provided with nine microtubules, which is different from the number of microtubules encountered within the cilium core of uterine tube or bronchial epithelium. The number of microtubules in the cross-sectioned intraductal cilia decreases toward the distal portion of cilia. SEM and TEM observations on WBN/Kob rats' pancreatic ducts suggest that increased pancreatic ductal pressure causes the helical shape of the pancreatic ductal lumen. Such a helical form might also be caused by the protrusion of epithelial cell boundaries into their lumen and the hypertrophy and hyperplasia of epithelial cells, thus leading to the formation of numerous depressions equipped with elongated cilia.