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Obesity in Canada: a descriptive analysis. Canadian Heart Health Surveys Research Group
S M Macdonald1, B A Reeder, Y Chen
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg.
Objective:
To describe the distribution of body fat, prevalence of obesity, and knowledge of cardiovascular disease in Canadian adults.
Design:
Population-based, cross-sectional surveys.
Setting:
Ten Canadian provinces between 1986 and 1992.
Participants:
A probability sample of 29,855 men and women aged 18 to 74 years was selected using health insurance registration files in each province. Anthropometry was performed on 19,841 (66%) of these adults.
Outcome Measures:
Body mass index (BMI); waist circumference; ratio of waist to hip circumference; knowledge of causes of heart disease.
Results:
The overall prevalence of obesity (BMI > or = 27 kg/m2) increased with age and was greater in men (35%) than in women (27%). Abdominal obesity was also higher in men and increased with both age and BMI. Canadians with lower levels of education had a higher prevalence of obesity, which appeared at a young age. Canadians in Atlantic Canada mentioned lack of exercise, poor diet and smoking as causes of heart disease less frequently than those living in central or western Canada.
Conclusions:
Obesity continues to be common among Canadian adults. Policy and programs to promote healthy body weights must be intensified and directed at specific sociodemographic groups.