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Published on: May 8, 2018
Menstrual cycle and appetite control: implications for weight regulation
1Department of Psychology, University of Leeds, UK.
Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)
|June 1, 1997
Summary
Hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle affect appetite and eating habits. Women may experience increased cravings and overconsumption, particularly before their period, linked to serotonin fluctuations.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive endocrinology
- Neuroscience
- Nutritional psychology
Background:
- Hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle significantly impact appetite regulation and eating behaviors.
- Energy intake exhibits cyclical variations, typically showing a dip around ovulation and a peak in the luteal phase.
- Macronutrient selection patterns vary, with frequent reports of carbohydrate cravings during the premenstrual phase, especially in women with premenstrual syndrome.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the relationship between menstrual cycle phases, hormonal fluctuations, and eating behavior.
- To investigate the potential role of serotonin in mediating appetite changes and mood during the menstrual cycle.
- To understand the premenstrual phase as a period of vulnerability for overconsumption and mood disturbances.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on hormonal influences on appetite and eating behavior.
- Analysis of studies examining macronutrient selection across different menstrual cycle phases.
- Correlation of cyclical appetite changes with mood symptoms and potential neurochemical underpinnings like serotonin.
Main Results:
- Energy intake peaks during the luteal phase and reaches a nadir around ovulation.
- Carbohydrate cravings are commonly reported in the premenstrual phase, particularly in women experiencing premenstrual syndrome.
- Cyclical appetite and craving patterns may parallel serotonin level fluctuations, potentially influencing mood and leading to increased vulnerability for overconsumption and depression.
Conclusions:
- The menstrual cycle significantly influences appetite control, energy intake, and food preferences, with distinct patterns observed across different phases.
- The premenstrual phase is characterized by heightened vulnerability to overconsumption, food cravings, and depressive symptoms, often linked to reduced serotonin activity.
- Understanding these cyclical hormonal and neurochemical changes is crucial for addressing disordered eating and mood disturbances in women.
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