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Urinary diagnostic indices in calves

C Sommardahl1, T Olchowy, M Provenza

  • 1Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37901-1071, USA.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|July 15, 1997
PubMed
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Establishing reference values for urinary diagnostic indices in healthy calves is crucial for early detection of kidney damage. These findings provide essential benchmarks for neonatal, suckling, and weanling calf populations.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Physiology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Urinary diagnostic indices are vital for assessing renal function in animals.
  • Establishing age-specific reference values is necessary for accurate interpretation of these indices in calves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine reference values for key urinary diagnostic indices in healthy Holstein calves from birth to 90 days of age.
  • To provide a baseline for identifying renal abnormalities in young cattle.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective field trial involving 12 Holstein heifer calves.
  • Daily and weekly collection of urine and serum samples from birth to 90 days.
  • Measurement of urine:serum ratios (creatinine, urea nitrogen, osmolality), fractional clearances (sodium, inorganic phosphate), and urine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity.

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Main Results:

  • Significantly higher mean urine:serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and osmolality ratios were observed in the weanling period (28-90 days) compared to neonatal and suckling periods.
  • No significant differences in mean fractional clearances of sodium were found across the studied age periods.

Conclusions:

  • The established urinary diagnostic index values serve as reliable reference points for healthy calves.
  • These reference values aid in the early identification of potential renal damage or failure in calves.