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Whole body doses from linear accelerator-based stereotactic radiotherapy

S F Shepherd¹, P J Childs, J D Graham

¹Neuro-oncology Unit and Academic Unit of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, London, UK.

International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics

|June 1, 1997

Summary

This study measured whole body radiation doses from cranial stereotactic radiosurgery/therapy (SRS/T) in a phantom. The sagittal arc significantly increased thyroid dose, highlighting the need to consider beam exit paths in treatment planning.

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Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Radiation Oncology
Radiosurgery

Background:

Stereotactic radiosurgery/therapy (SRS/T) is used for cranial treatments.
Understanding whole-body radiation dose distribution is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To measure whole-body radiation doses in a humanoid phantom from linear accelerator-based SRS/T.
To compare dose distributions using different beam arrangements.

Main Methods:

Utilized an Alderson-Rando anthropomorphic phantom.
Employed lithium fluoride thermoluminescent dosimetry for whole-body dose measurements.
Compared five-arc and four-arc beam arrangements with varying collimator sizes.

Main Results:

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The sagittal arc significantly increased thyroid dose (fourfold) and trunk doses.
Exit dose varied based on traversed tissue density, with higher doses through lung or airways.
Fixed fields resulted in tenfold greater exit dose compared to solitary sagittal arcs.

Conclusions:

Beam exit paths must be considered in SRS/T treatment planning, especially for nonmalignant conditions.
Minimizing radiation exposure to organs like the thyroid is essential to reduce malignancy risk, particularly in younger patients.