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Suicide attempted by burning in Brazil

W G Marchesan1, F F da Silva, J E Canalli

  • 1Burn Center, University Hospital of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil.

Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries
|May 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzed 82 attempted suicide patients treated for burns between 1984-1995. High mortality (44%) and extensive burns (52.4% BSA) were observed, with methyl alcohol frequently used.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Research
  • Burn Treatment
  • Suicidology

Background:

  • Attempted suicide cases requiring burn treatment present unique challenges.
  • Understanding patient demographics and methods is crucial for intervention.
  • Previous studies highlight the severity of self-immolation injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the characteristics of patients admitted to a burn center following attempted suicide.
  • To determine the mortality rate and identify risk factors in this patient population.
  • To investigate the common agents used in self-immolation by fire.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 82 patients admitted to the Burn Center of the University Hospital of Ribeirão Preto between 1984 and 1995.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, burned surface area (BSA), and mortality.

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  • Information on the ignition agent used was also recorded.

    • Main Results:

    • A total of 82 patients (58 female, 24 male) were included.
    • The mean burned surface area (BSA) was 52.4%.
    • The mortality rate was high at 44%, with 87.5% of patients using methyl alcohol to ignite the fire.

    Conclusions:

    • Attempted suicide by fire results in severe burns and high mortality rates.
    • Methyl alcohol is a common and dangerous accelerant in self-immolation cases.
    • Burn centers must be prepared for the complex medical and psychological needs of these patients.