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A prospective study of cognitive function in the elderly

A E Korten1, A S Henderson, H Christensen

  • 1NHMRC Psychiatric Epidemiology Research Centre, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.

Psychological Medicine
|July 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Cognitive function declines with age in the elderly, with faster decline in older individuals. Early cognitive impairment indicates a worse prognosis, especially for those over 85.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuropsychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Investigated cognitive function changes in an elderly population over time.
  • Examined a cohort of individuals aged 70-102 years at two time points separated by over 3 years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the longitudinal changes in cognitive function in older adults.
  • To identify factors associated with cognitive decline and dementia risk.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Canberra Interview for the Elderly, including tests for episodic memory and cognitive speed.
  • Administered the Mini-Mental State Examination and National Adult Reading Test (NART) to assess cognitive performance.
  • Followed up with 1135 individuals, with 614 completing cognitive tests on both occasions.

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Main Results:

  • Cognitive performance generally decreased with age, with the exception of the NART.
  • The rate of cognitive decline accelerated with age for most measures, excluding the NART.
  • Incident dementia was strongly linked to age and baseline cognitive level, but not the rate of decline.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive decline is nearly universal in individuals over 85.
  • Possible cognitive impairment in the very elderly predicts a poorer long-term outcome.