[Association of lung adenocarcinoma and human immunodeficiency virus infection]

In the past decade, few studies have reported the occurrence of lung cancer in HIV-infected patients. The true frequency of this association is known. The major features of these patients include: male gender, young age, a history of intravenous drug abuse, preponderance of adenocarcinoma cell type and advanced clinical stage at diagnosis. We describe a case of a lung cancer in a man with evidence of advanced HIV-infection and a history of intravenous drug abuse. Subsequently, we review the data reported in the literature about this association. Our patient provides further evidence that lung cancer should be included in the differential diagnosis of intrathoracic diseases in HIV-infected patients.