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[Burkitt lymphoma in Cameroon children: descriptive and clinico-anatomical aspects]
P Doumbé1, A Mbakop, M T Essomba Mboumi
1Département de pédiatrie, Faculté de médecine et de sciences biomédicales, Université de Yaoundé I, Cameroun.
Insights
Pediatric Burkitt lymphoma in Cameroon presents similarly to other endemic regions, with common maxillary tumors and frequent Plasmodium falciparum infection. This study highlights descriptive and pathological features in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric oncology
- Epidemiology of childhood cancers
- Infectious disease pathology
Context:
- Burkitt lymphoma is a significant childhood malignancy in endemic areas.
- Understanding its presentation in specific regions like Cameroon is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
- This study examines cases over a 4-year period in Cameroon.
Purpose:
- To describe the clinical and pathological features of Burkitt lymphoma in children in Cameroon.
- To compare these features with those observed in other endemic regions globally.
Summary:
- A retrospective analysis of 39 children (0-15 years) with Burkitt lymphoma in Cameroon (1988-1992).
- High incidence (27% of childhood malignancies), predominantly maxillary (74%) and abdominal (18%) tumors.
- Associated with Plasmodium falciparum infection (100%) and EBV serology (72% positive).
- Nutritional status varied, with malnutrition observed in 64% of cases.
- Clinical staging revealed advanced disease in most patients (Stage III: 51%, Stage IV: 26%).
Impact:
- Findings suggest that clinical and histological patterns of pediatric Burkitt lymphoma in Cameroon align with those in other endemic areas.
- Provides baseline data for understanding Burkitt lymphoma in this specific African population.
- Emphasizes the role of Plasmodium falciparum infection in the pathogenesis of Burkitt lymphoma.
Abstract:
This retrospective study is armed to indicate the descriptive and pathological aspects of children Burkitt lymphoma in Cameroon. It was performed on a 4 year period between July 1988 and July 1992. Children from 0 to 15-year-old who were hospitalized and who had histologically provern Burkitt lymphoma were included. There were 39 patients, that is 27% of all malignant tumors in children during this period. Twenty-four were boys and 15 were girls; the median age was 90 months (+/-46) (range from 3 to 180 months). All children had Plasmodium falciparum infection. EBV serology was positive in 18 patients out of 25 (72%), 14 (36%) had a good nutritional status, the 25 other patients suffered malnutrition. Tumor localizations were: maxillary in 29 (74%) patients, abdominal in 7 (18%), other in 3 patients. Clinical stages according to Murphy classification were: stage I in 6 (15%) patients, II in 3 (8%), III in 20 (51%) and IV in 10 (26%). It is concluded from this series that clinical aspects and histological pattern in children Burkitt lymphoma in Cameroon are not different from what is observed in other endemic areas.
