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Sonographic evaluation of urinary bladder wall thickness in normal dogs
A L Geisse1, J E Lowry, D J Schaeffer
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA.
Summary
Ultrasonography revealed that canine urinary bladder wall thickness decreases as bladder distention increases. Thicker walls were noted in heavier dogs, with no sex-based differences observed.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Diagnostic Imaging
- Canine Anatomy
Background:
- Accurate assessment of urinary bladder wall thickness is crucial for diagnosing various conditions in dogs.
- Ultrasonography is a common non-invasive imaging modality used in veterinary diagnostics.
- Standardized measurements are needed to interpret findings reliably.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effect of bladder distention on urinary bladder wall thickness in normal dogs using ultrasonography.
- To establish reference ranges for bladder wall thickness at different distention levels.
- To identify factors influencing bladder wall thickness measurements.
Main Methods:
- Ultrasonographic evaluation of urinary bladder wall thickness in 16 healthy dogs.
- Controlled bladder distention using sterile saline via urinary catheterization.
- Measurements taken at four locations across three distention degrees (minimal, mild, moderate).
- Data analyzed using Williams' balanced Latin square design.
Main Results:
- Mean bladder wall thickness decreased with increasing bladder distention (2.3 mm minimal, 1.6 mm mild, 1.4 mm moderate).
- Bladder wall thickness significantly increased with canine body weight.
- The caudoventral location yielded significantly smaller measurements (0.3 mm difference).
- No significant effect of sex, distention sequence, or repetition on measurements.
Conclusions:
- Urinary bladder wall thickness in dogs is inversely related to the degree of bladder distention.
- Body weight is a significant factor influencing bladder wall thickness.
- Standardized protocols considering distention level and measurement location are essential for accurate ultrasonographic assessment in dogs.