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Pigmented villonodular synovitis
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Pigmented villonodular synovitis, a joint tumor, is indicated by brownish fluid from a swollen joint. Complete surgical removal is the preferred treatment to prevent recurrence and joint destruction.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Pathology
Background:
- Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare neoplastic proliferation of the synovium.
- It typically affects a single joint, most commonly the knee, presenting with chronic swelling and pain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the diagnostic and therapeutic approach for pigmented villonodular synovitis.
- To emphasize the factors influencing recurrence and joint destruction.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis is suggested by characteristic brownish fluid obtained via joint aspiration.
- Confirmation is achieved through synovial biopsy.
- Treatment involves complete surgical excision of affected synovial tissue.
Main Results:
- Recurrence rates correlate with the extent of synovial involvement and the completeness of synovectomy.
- While not malignant, PVNS can lead to significant joint damage.
Conclusions:
- Complete synovectomy is crucial for minimizing recurrence of pigmented villonodular synovitis.
- Joint destruction may necessitate arthroplastic procedures in advanced cases.
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