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Related Experiment Videos

[Methods to estimate body composition in the elderly: a critical analysis]

M G Barrera1, G Salazar, C Albala

  • 1Unidad de Nutrición Clínica, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Revista Medica De Chile
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Comparing body fat measurements in the elderly, skinfolds showed better agreement with deuterium dilution than bioimpedance. However, both methods have limitations for accurate body composition assessment in older adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Human Physiology
  • Body Composition Analysis

Background:

  • Accurate body composition assessment is crucial for elderly health.
  • Existing methods like bioimpedance may not be suitable for older adults.
  • Deuterium dilution is a reference method for total body fat.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare total body fat measurements using deuterium dilution, anthropometry (skinfolds), and bioimpedance.
  • To evaluate the agreement between these methods in institutionalized elderly individuals.
  • To identify the most reliable method for body fat estimation in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 41 institutionalized elderly individuals (aged 65-90).
  • Body fat was measured using deuterium dilution, skinfolds (anthropometry), and bioimpedance.

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  • Data were analyzed using Bland-Altman plots to assess agreement between methods.

    • Main Results:

    • Skinfolds showed the best agreement with deuterium dilution (mean difference: 1.4% in men, 6.9% in women).
    • Bioimpedance showed significantly greater differences compared to deuterium dilution (9.3% in men, 14.7% in women).
    • Skinfold measurements exhibited wide limits of agreement, potentially underestimating or overestimating fat in obese or thin individuals, respectively.

    Conclusions:

    • Skinfold measurements offer better agreement with deuterium dilution than bioimpedance for elderly body fat estimation.
    • Despite better agreement, skinfold measurements have limitations for individual clinical use in the elderly.
    • Caution is advised when using anthropometry and bioimpedance for body composition in older adults due to potential inaccuracies.