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Resistance exercise training and the orthostatic response

J P McCarthy1, M M Bamman, J M Yelle

  • 1NASA Johnson Space Center, Medical Life Sciences Division (SD/3) Houston, TX 77058, USA.

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
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Intense resistance exercise training increased blood volume in sedentary men. However, it did not significantly improve orthostatic tolerance or key cardiovascular reflex responses.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology

Background:

  • Resistance exercise may enhance orthostatic tolerance by increasing blood volume, carotid baroreceptor cardiac reflex sensitivity (BARO), and decreasing leg compliance.
  • Previous research suggests these physiological adaptations could improve the body's ability to maintain blood pressure during postural changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of a 12-week resistance exercise program on orthostatic tolerance and related cardiovascular parameters in sedentary men.
  • To test the hypotheses that resistance exercise increases blood volume, BARO sensitivity, and decreases leg compliance.

Main Methods:

  • Two groups of sedentary men (exercise n=10, control n=9) underwent 12 weeks of either resistance training or no exercise.
  • Cardiovascular responses to standing and lower body negative pressure (LBNP) were measured before and after the intervention.
Keywords:
NASA Center JSCNASA Discipline Musculoskeletal

Related Experiment Videos

  • Blood volume and red cell mass were assessed using isotopic tracers (125I and 51Cr).

    • Main Results:

    • Resistance exercise increased leg muscle volume (4-14%) and lean body mass (2.0 kg).
    • Blood volume and red cell mass significantly increased (2.8% and 3.9%, respectively).
    • Leg compliance, BARO sensitivity, and maximal LBNP tolerance did not significantly change. Resting heart rate decreased, but orthostatic cardiovascular responses were maintained.

    Conclusions:

    • Intense resistance exercise effectively increases blood volume and red cell mass in previously sedentary individuals.
    • Despite increased blood volume, resistance training did not consistently improve orthostatic tolerance or key baroreflex functions in this study population.