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[Postnatal development of breathing control]

T Schäfer1, M E Schläfke

  • 1Abteilung für angewandte Physiologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum.

Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany)
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Respiratory CO2 sensitivity adapts after birth, with preterm infants and those experiencing life-threatening events showing reduced responses. Impaired CO2 sensitivity can lead to hypoventilation and apneic events in infants.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Physiology
  • Respiratory Control
  • Sleep Studies

Context:

  • Fetal respiratory movements and EEG are established early.
  • Birth triggers respiration via external stimuli, hypercapnia, hypoxia, and acidosis.
  • Chemosensitive system thresholds adapt postnatally.

Purpose:

  • To assess respiratory CO2-responses and hypoxic sensitivity in healthy infants, and in those with congenital central alveolar hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) and apparently life-threatening events (ALTE).
  • To investigate age-related changes in CO2-response and peripheral chemoreceptor activity.

Summary:

  • Healthy infants over 2 weeks old exhibit adult-like CO2-responses during NREM sleep.
  • Preterm infants show reduced CO2-response until their estimated due date.
  • ALTE infants had suppressed CO2-response (17%), and CCHS children showed no response.

Impact:

  • Reduced or absent respiratory CO2 sensitivity may cause apnea or hypoventilation.
  • Age-related differences in CO2 and hyperoxic responses contribute to breathing control oscillations like periodic breathing.
  • Findings aid in understanding and managing infant respiratory disorders.

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