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Changing smoking patterns and mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

R A Wise1

  • 1Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21212, USA. rwise@welchlink.welch.jhu.edu

Preventive Medicine
|July 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of death, particularly in susceptible smokers. Early identification and intervention can halt its progression, but widespread screening is lacking.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) results from accelerated lung function decline in smokers.
  • Significant knowledge gaps exist regarding COPD risk factors' biological basis and individual risk identification.
  • COPD mortality is the fourth leading cause of death in the US and has not declined in 20 years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the current state of knowledge on COPD risk factors and identification.
  • To discuss COPD mortality trends and their implications.
  • To emphasize the need for early screening and intervention programs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established risk factors for COPD susceptibility in smokers.
  • Analysis of COPD mortality trends in the United States.

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  • Examination of recent studies on early identification and intervention effectiveness.

    • Main Results:

    • Mortality trends suggest increasing COPD deaths among women, African-Americans, and the elderly.
    • Early identification of airflow obstruction and smoking intervention can halt COPD progression.
    • Widespread screening and intervention programs for COPD are not yet established.

    Conclusions:

    • Further research is needed to understand the biological basis of COPD risk factors.
    • Targeted screening and intervention strategies are crucial to reduce COPD burden.
    • Addressing disparities in COPD mortality requires focused public health efforts.