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Adverse outcomes in orthognathic surgery and management of residual problems
1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, California, USA.
Clinics in Plastic Surgery
|July 1, 1997
Abstract:
Adverse outcomes in orthognathic surgery include both functional and aesthetic components that frequently coexist. Reasons for this occurrence are multifactorial and can be classified in broad categories of diagnosis, treatment planning, technical execution, and unpreventable outcomes. Management of the residual deformities is both functional and aesthetic as based on correctly delineating the problem and its cause.