Communication between the extracellular environment, cytoplasmic signalling cascades and the nuclear cell-cycle...

In the past decade, we have gained considerable insight into the identities of various cytoplasmic signal transduction cascades and the manner in which they operate in response to changes in the extracellular environment. Moreover, we have begun to understand what the key players are in cell-cycle regulation and how they, in turn, function to promote cell division. A long-standing question, however, has been how communication between signalling routes and the cell-cycle machinery occurs. This review highlights some recent observations that provide possible links between signal transduction and the cell-cycle machinery.