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Objective assessment of peritraumatic dissociation: psychophysiological indicators
M G Griffin1, P A Resick, M B Mechanic
1Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-St. Louis 63121, USA.
The American Journal of Psychiatry
|August 1, 1997
Summary
Female rape victims with high peritraumatic dissociation showed suppressed physiological responses and a higher likelihood of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, suggesting a dissociative subtype.
Area of Science:
- Psychophysiology
- Trauma Studies
- Mental Health
Background:
- Peritraumatic dissociation is a common response to trauma.
- Understanding its psychophysiological correlates is crucial for effective intervention.
- Female victims of sexual assault are a vulnerable population requiring specific research focus.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate psychophysiological changes in female rape victims.
- To examine the relationship between these changes and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.
- To identify potential dissociative subtypes within PTSD.
Main Methods:
- Eighty-five female rape victims were assessed within two weeks of the assault.
- Psychophysiological measures (heart rate, skin conductance, movement) were recorded.
- Peritraumatic dissociation and PTSD symptoms were evaluated using self-report and interviews.
Main Results:
- High peritraumatic dissociation was linked to suppressed autonomic physiological responses.
- Individuals with high dissociation had a significantly different physiological response pattern.
- 94% of the high dissociation group met PTSD symptom criteria, with a distress reporting discrepancy.
Conclusions:
- Preliminary evidence suggests a dissociative subtype of PTSD with diminished physiological reactivity.
- Assessing dissociative symptoms is vital for trauma survivors.
- Findings highlight the importance of considering dissociation in PTSD assessment and treatment.