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Transient right but not left ventricular dysfunction after strenuous exercise at high altitude

V G Dávila-Román1, T M Guest, P G Tuteur

  • 1Cardiovascular, Laboratory Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|August 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

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Prolonged strenuous exercise in ultramarathon runners did not cause left ventricular damage. However, some athletes experienced reversible right ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension at high altitude.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Sports Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Strenuous exercise may lead to left ventricular (LV) damage.
  • Ultramarathon running at high altitude presents unique physiological challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential left ventricular (LV) damage in ultramarathon runners after prolonged exercise.
  • To assess cardiac function and biomarkers in response to high-altitude ultramarathon running.

Main Methods:

  • 14 ultramarathon runners underwent echocardiography, oximetry, and cardiac biomarker (troponin I, CK-MB) measurements.
  • Measurements were taken before, immediately after, and 1 day post-race.
  • Evaluated left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function, pulmonary artery pressure, and cardiac enzymes.

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Main Results:

  • No evidence of left ventricular (LV) damage was found in any runner.
  • Elevated creatine kinase, MB fraction (CK-MB) levels were observed in all runners post-race.
  • Five runners (36%) exhibited transient right ventricular (RV) dilation, hypokinesia, pulmonary hypertension, and wheezing.

Conclusions:

  • High-altitude ultramarathon running did not induce left ventricular (LV) damage in trained athletes.
  • Reversible right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension occurred in a significant portion of participants.
  • The exact incidence and underlying mechanisms of these RV-related findings require further investigation.