Solid-phase extraction in amphetamine and methamphetamine analysis of urine
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Updated: Nov 1, 2026

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
Published on: April 23, 2019
1Department of Chemistry National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Abstract:
A systematic evaluation that compares the recoveries of methamphetamine and amphetamine from spiked urine using C8, C18, strong cation exchanger (SCX), and C8-SCX mixed procedures (solid-phase extraction) is reported. Optimized experimental conditions including pH of the sample, solvent composition, and urine concentration for different solid-phase extraction sorbents were studied. The largest recoveries--greater than 86% for methamphetamine and greater than 88% for amphetamine--were achieved with a mixed adsorbent (C8-SCX) and mixed elution solvent CH2Cl2-i-propanol-NH4OH (78:20:2) at pH 6. The concentration of the urine matrix did not affect the extraction efficiency. The detection limits of methamphetamine and amphetamine in urine were obtained at 0.03 and 0.07 micrograms/mL, respectively, using gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis operated in the electron impact mode.
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