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Related Experiment Videos

[Mass screening for prostatic cancer]

S Nakagawa1, M Watanabe, T Nomoto

  • 1Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine.

Hinyokika Kiyo. Acta Urologica Japonica
|June 1, 1997
PubMed
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Prostate cancer screening using prostate specific antigen (PSA) tests and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) shows promise for early detection. This PSA-based approach, combined with annual health checkups, is suitable for national prostate cancer screening programs.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Two mass screening programs for prostate cancer (PC) were conducted.
  • The first program (1975-1995) utilized transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) for 16,313 men over 55.
  • PC was detected in 0.6% of participants, with 43 early-stage cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a new mass screening program for prostate cancer (PC).
  • To assess the suitability of a prostate specific antigen (PSA) based screening combined with annual health checkups for national implementation.

Main Methods:

  • A 1995 screening program involved 2,387 men over 55, using Delfia PSA assay on dried blood samples.
  • Abnormal PSA levels (>4.0 ng/ml) or findings on TRUS/digital rectal exam triggered prostate biopsies.

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  • A total of 102 biopsies were performed, with 28 PC cases detected (1.2%).

    • Main Results:

    • The PSA-based screening program detected PC in 1.2% of participants, with 17 early-stage cases.
    • This represents a higher detection rate compared to the earlier TRUS-based program (0.6%).
    • Early-stage detection rates were also higher in the PSA-based program.

    Conclusions:

    • The PSA-based mass screening program, integrated with annual health checkups, demonstrates effectiveness for prostate cancer detection.
    • This approach is suitable for future national-level prostate cancer screening initiatives.
    • Early detection of prostate cancer is improved through PSA testing and targeted biopsies.