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Ceftibuten: an overview

R C Owens1, C H Nightingale, D P Nicolau

  • 1Department of Pharmacy Research, Hartford Hospital, Connecticut, USA.

Pharmacotherapy
|July 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Ceftibuten, an oral cephalosporin antibiotic, effectively treats respiratory infections and is stable against common resistance mechanisms. It offers a convenient once-daily dosing option for various bacterial infections.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Ceftibuten is an orally active third-generation cephalosporin.
  • It demonstrates broad-spectrum activity against Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria.
  • Ceftibuten is notably stable against plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile of ceftibuten.
  • To evaluate its role in treating respiratory and urinary tract infections.
  • To assess its safety and suitability for once-daily dosing.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pharmacokinetic data from healthy volunteers and elderly patients.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data for efficacy in respiratory and urinary tract infections.

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  • Assessment of safety profiles compared to other cephalosporins.

    • Main Results:

    • Ceftibuten exhibits excellent oral absorption (75-90%) and a half-life of 2.5 hours (3.2 hours in elderly).
    • Effective in treating upper and lower respiratory tract infections; also shows promise in urinary tract infections.
    • Favorable safety profile, similar to other cephalosporins, with renal elimination requiring dose adjustment for low creatinine clearance.

    Conclusions:

    • Ceftibuten is a valuable oral antibiotic for respiratory infections, offering stability against beta-lactamases.
    • Once-daily dosing is feasible for most infections based on pharmacokinetic and clinical data.
    • It serves as a viable alternative antimicrobial agent for indicated infections.