Varioliform mucosal polypoid lesions in intestinal tract in a patient with adult T-cell leukemia

We describe a case of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) with intestinal infiltration. In the early clinical stage, the endoscopic findings for the intestine were similar to those of amebic enterocolitis, i.e., varioliform mucosal polypoid lesions, and amebic cyst was detected with stool examination. Although no specific pathological factor could be identified on biopsy, the patient was treated for amebiasis as a diagnostic therapy. The findings of varioliform mucosal polypoid lesions were detected in the duodenum on endoscopic examination, but the lesions eventually disappeared during the treatment for amebiasis. We then suspected lymphoma partially masked by the amebiasis. Immunological staining of a specimen of the colonic mucosa revealed T cell invasion and Southern blotting demonstrated adult T-cell leukemia provirus invasion. Thus, ATL cell infiltration of the intestinal tract was confirmed. It is suggested that systemic disease should also be considered when varioliform mucosal polypoid lesions are found on colonoscopic examination.