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Leptin increases uncoupling protein expression and energy expenditure

P J Scarpace1, M Matheny, B H Pollock

  • 1Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida 32608-1197, USA.

The American Journal of Physiology
|July 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Leptin boosts energy expenditure and brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis in rats. This involves increased oxygen consumption and uncoupling protein (UCP) expression, suggesting a key role for BAT in leptin

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Metabolism
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Leptin is known to increase energy expenditure and sympathetic nervous system activity in brown adipose tissue (BAT).
  • The precise mechanisms by which leptin influences energy expenditure, particularly concerning thermogenesis in BAT, require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether leptin-mediated increases in energy expenditure involve enhanced thermogenesis in BAT.
  • To examine the effects of leptin on oxygen consumption and uncoupling protein (UCP) expression in rat BAT under different feeding conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were acclimated to thermoneutrality and then treated with leptin.
  • Some rats were food-restricted to match the intake of leptin-treated rats.
  • Oxygen consumption and BAT uncoupling protein (UCP) mRNA levels were measured.

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Main Results:

  • Leptin administration significantly increased oxygen consumption in both ad libitum-fed and food-restricted rats.
  • Leptin treatment more than doubled uncoupling protein (UCP) mRNA levels in BAT in both feeding conditions.
  • These effects were observed after several days of leptin administration.

Conclusions:

  • Leptin induces increased energy expenditure in non-mutant rodents.
  • Leptin enhances thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT), partly through increased UCP expression.
  • BAT plays a significant role in mediating leptin's effects on energy expenditure.