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Different expression patterns of somatostatin receptor subtypes in cultured epithelial cells from human normal
A A Sinisi1, A Bellastella, D Prezioso
1Istituto di Endocrinologia, Facoltà di Medicina, Seconda Università di Napoli, Italy.
Abstract:
The transcripts of five SRIH receptor subtypes (SSTR1, SSTR2, SSTR3, SSTR4, and SSTR5) were investigated by RT-PCR in epithelial cells (EC) and stromal cells (SC) from primary cultures of five normal human prostates and six prostate cancers. Primary cultures of prostate EC were established in serum-free keratynocyte medium with 5% FCS, epidermal growth factor, and bovine pituitary extract; SC were cultured in MEM with 10% FCS. Total RNA was extracted from EC and SC using a modified guanidine thiocyanate method. RT-PCR was performed after deoxyribonuclease treatment, using SSTR1-, SSTR2-, SSTR3-, SSTR4-, and SSTR5-specific-primers and adding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-specific primers as internal control. A PCR product of the expected size of 334 bp, corresponding to SSTR1, was expressed only in EC from prostate cancer, whereas the expected 461-bp product of SSTR2 was found only in EC from normal prostate. SSTR3 messenger RNA was undetectable in normal and cancer EC, whereas SSTR4 and SSTR5 were present in both cell types. SSTR1, SSTR2, SSTR3, SSTR4, and SSTR5 messenger RNAs were not expressed in SC from both normal and cancer prostates. The RT-PCR method clearly demonstrated SSTRs' expression in the human prostate EC in vitro with differences between normal and tumoral samples. Our results may explain the ineffectiveness of some SSTR2 selective SRIH analogues in the treatment of prostate cancer and suggest that the absence of SSTR2 could represent a growth advantage in prostate cancer.
Insights
Researchers investigated somatostatin receptor (SSTR) gene expression in normal and cancerous prostate cells. SSTR1 was found in cancer cells, while SSTR2 was in normal cells, suggesting a role in prostate cancer progression.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
Background:
- Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are implicated in various cellular functions.
- Understanding SSTR expression in prostate tissue is crucial for therapeutic development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression patterns of five SSTR subtypes (SSTR1-5) in normal and cancerous human prostate epithelial cells (EC) and stromal cells (SC).
- To determine if SSTR expression differs between normal and tumoral prostate cells.
- To explore the potential implications of SSTR expression in prostate cancer treatment.
Main Methods:
- Primary cultures of human prostate EC and SC were established from normal and cancerous tissues.
- Total RNA was extracted and analyzed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
- Specific primers for SSTR1-5 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were used.
Main Results:
- SSTR1 mRNA was exclusively detected in EC from prostate cancer.
- SSTR2 mRNA was exclusively detected in EC from normal prostate.
- SSTR3 mRNA was undetectable in both normal and cancer EC; SSTR4 and SSTR5 were present in both.
- No SSTR expression was observed in SC from either normal or cancerous prostates.
Conclusions:
- RT-PCR demonstrated differential expression of SSTRs in human prostate EC in vitro.
- The absence of SSTR2 in cancer EC may contribute to prostate cancer growth.
- These findings may explain the limited efficacy of SSTR2-selective somatostatin analogues in prostate cancer treatment.